72s Strat: Backtesting Adaptive HMA+ pt.1This is a follow up to my previous publication of Adaptive HMA+ few months ago, as a mean to provide some kind of initial backtesting tools. Which can be use to explore many possible strategies, optimise its settings to better conform user's pair/tf, and hopefully able to help tweaking your general strategy.
If you haven't read the study or use the indicator, kindly go here first to get the overall idea.
The first strategy introduce in this backtest is one most basic already described in the study; buy/sell is when movement is there and everything is on the right side; When RSI has turned to other side, we can use it as exit point (if in profit of course, else just let it hit our TP/SL, why would we exit before profit). Also, base on RSI when we make entry, we can further differentiate type of signals. --Please check all comments in code directly where the signals , entries , and exits section are.
Second additional strategy to check; is when we also use second faster Adaptive HMA+ for exit. So this is like a double orders on a signal but with different exit-rule (/more on this on snapshots below). Alternatively, you can also work the code so to only use this type of exit.
There's also an additional feature which you can enable its visuals, the Distance Zone , is to help measuring price distance to our xHMA+. It's just a simple atr based envelope really, I already put the sample code in study's comment section, but better gonna update it there directly for non-coder too, after this.
In this sample I use Lot for order quantity size just because that's what I use on my broker. Also what few friends use while we forward-testing it since the study is published, so we also checked/compared each profit/loss report by real number. To use default or other unit of measurement, change the entry code accordingly.
If you change your order size, you should also change the commission in Properties Tab. My broker commission is 5 USD per order/lot, so in there with example order size 0.1 lot I put commission 0.5$ per order (I'll put 2.5$ for 0.5 lot, 10$ for 2 lot, and so on). Crypto usually has higher charge. --It is important that you should fill it base on your broker.
SETTINGS
I'm trying to keep it short. Please explore it further again. (Beginner should also first get acquaintance with terms use here.)
ORDERS:
Base Minimum Profit Before Exit:
The number is multiplier of ongoing ATR. Means that when basic exit condition is met, algo will check whether you're already in minimum profit or not, if not, let it still run to TP or SL, or until it meets subsequent exit condition, then it will check again.
Default Target Profit:
Multiplier of ATR at signal. If reached before any eligible exit condition is met, exit TP.
Base StopLoss Point:
You can change directly in code to use other like ATR Trailing SL, fix percent SL, or whatever. In the sample, 4 options provided.
Maximum StopLoss:
This is like a safety-net, that if at some point your chosen SL point from input above happens to be exceeding this maximum input that you can tolerate, then this max point is the one will be use as SL.
Activate 2nd order...:
The additional doubling of certain buy/sell with different exits as described above. If enable, you should also set pyramiding to at least: 2. If not, it does nothing.
ADAPTIVE HMA+ PERIOD
Many users already have their own settings for these. So in here I only sample the default as first presented in the study. Make it to your adaptive.
MARKET MOVEMENT
(1) Now you can check in realtime how much slope degree is best to define your specific pair/tf is out of congestion (yellow) area. And (2) also able to check directly what ATR lengths are more suitable defining your pair's volatility.
DISTANCE ZONE
Distance Multiplier. Each pair/tf has its own best distance zone (in xHMA+ perspective). The zone also determine whether a signal should appear or not. (Or what type of signal, if you wanna go more detail in constructing your strategy)
USAGE
(Provided you already have your own comfortable settings for minimum-maximum period of Adaptive HMA+. Best if you already have backtested it manually too and/or apply as an add-on to your working strategy)
1. In our experiences, first most important to define is both elements in the Market Movement Settings . These also tend to be persistent for whole season since it's kinda describing that pair/tf overall behaviour. Don't worry if you still get a low Profit Factor here, but by tweaking you should start to see positive changes in one of Max Drawdown and Net Profit, or Percent Profitable.
2. Afterwards, find your pair/tf Distance Zone . When optimising this, what we seek is just a "not to bad" equity curves to start forming. At least Max Drawdown should lessen more. Doesn't have to be great already, but should be better, no red in Net Profit.
3. Then go manage the "Trailing Minimum Profit", TP, SL, and max SL.
4. Repeat 1,2,3. 👻
5. Manage order size, commission, and/or enable double-order (need pyramiding) if you like. Check if your equity can handle max drawdown before margin call.
6. After getting an acceptable backtest result, go to List of Trades tab and find the biggest loss or when many sequencing loss in a row happened. Click on it to go to exact point on chart, observe why the signal failed and get at least general idea how it can be prevented . The rest is yours, you should know your pair/tf more than other.
You can also re-explore your minimum-maximum period for both Major and minor xHMA+.
Keep in mind that all numbers in Setting are conceptually in a form of range . You don't want to get superb equity curves but actually a "fragile" , means one can easily turn it to disaster just by changing only a fraction in one/two of the setting.
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If you just wanna test the strength of the indicator alone, you can disable "Use StopLoss" temporarily while optimising settings.
Using no SL might be tempting in overall result data in some cases, but NOTE: It is not recommended to not using SL, don't forget that we deliberately enter when it's in high volatility. If want to add flexibility or trading for long-term, just maximise your SL. ie.: chose SL Point>ATR only and set it maximum. (Check your max drawdown after this).
I think this is quite important specially for beginners, so here's an example; Hypothetically in below scenario, because of some settings, the buy order after the loss sell signal didn't appear. Let's say if our initial capital only 1000$ using leverage and order size 0,5 lot (risky position sizing already), moreover if this happens at the beginning of your trading season, that's half of account gone already in one trade . Your max SL should've made you exit after that pumping bar.
The Trailing Minimum Profit is actually look like this. Search in the code if you want to plot it. I just don't like too many lines on chart.
To maximise profit we can try enabling double-order. The only added rule coded is: RSI should rising when buy and falling when sell. 2nd signal will appears above or below default buy/sell signal. (Of course it's also prone to double-loss, re-check your max drawdown after. Profit factor play its part in here for a long run). Snapshot in comparison:
Two default sell signals on left closed at RSI exit, the additional sell signal closed later on when price crossover minor xHMA+. On buy side, price haven't met our minimum profit when first crossunder minor xHMA+. If later on we hit SL on this "+buy" signal, at least we already profited from default buy signal. You can also consider/treat this as multiple TP points.
For longer-term trading, what you need to maximise is the Minimum Profit , so it won't exit whenever an exit condition happened, it can happen several times before reaching minimum profit. Hopefully this snapshot can explain:
Notice in comparison default sell and buy signal now close in average after 3 days. What's best is when we also have confirmation from higher TF. It's like targeting higher TF by entering from smaller TF.
As also mention in the study, we can still experiment via original HMA by putting same value for minimum-maximum period setting. This is experimental EU 1H with Major xHMA+: 144-144, Flat market 13, Distance multiplier 3.6, with 2nd order activated.
Kiwi was a bit surprising for me. It's flat market is effectively below 6, with quite far distance zone of 3.5. Probably because I'm using big numbers in adaptive period.
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The result you see in strategy tester report below for EURUSD 15m is using just default settings you see in code, as follow:
0,1 lot for each order (which is the smallest allowed by my broker).
No pyramiding. Commission: 0.5 usd per order. Slippage: 3
Opening position is only using basic strategy #1 (RSI exit). Additional exit not activated.
Minimum Profit: 1. TP: 3.
SL use: Half-distance zone. Max SL: 4.5.
Major xHMA+: 172-233. minor xHMA+: 89-121
Distance Zone Multiplier: 2.7
RSI: Standard 14.
(From our forward-testing, the difference we get from net profit is because of the spread, our entry isn't exactly at the close/open price. Not so much though, but not the same. If somebody can direct me to any example where we can code our entry via current bid/ask price, that would be awesome!)
It's already a long post (sorry), think I'm gonna pause here. Check out the code :)
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DISCLAIMER: Past performance is no guarantee of future results , and so on.. you know the drill ;)
Please read whole description first before using, don't take 1-2 paragraph and claim it's the whole logic, you are responsible of your own actions and understanding.
Breakout
Mark Earnings DayThe idea for today is to plot high / low prices on the Earnings day. (use only on Daily timeframe)
And as we all know, most of the times, price is unidirectional after the earnings are declared.
A target of 1:2 or even 1:5 can be easily achieved in these cases, within few days.
Green label indicates, reported earnings are higher than estimated. Red indicates the other way.
But 1, this does not necessarily indicate the trend direction.
But 2, a breakout / breakdown of this day's candle mostly does. The other serving as a Stop Loss.
Optionally, the scripts can also plot splits and dividends on the charts.
The difference between this indicator and readily available default markings on the chart is,
these figures are directly available on the chart itself, that saves multiple clicks.
Volume Positive Negative (VPN)The idea and calculations for the Volume Positive Negative (VPN) indicator were created by Markos Katsanos. Markos wrote about the indicator in the article Detecting High-Volume Breakouts, published in Technical Analysis of Stocks & Commodities April, 2021 (Vol. 39, Issue 5).
The goal of the VPN indicator is to detect breakouts using only volume. The basic idea is to compare volume on up days versus volume on down days. The indicator can oscillate between the range of -100 and 100. Values between 0 and 20 are generally considered bullish, negative are bearish.
When the plotted VPN crosses over what Markos refers to as the critical value, that may indicate a high volume breakout. The critical value can be adjusted between 0 to 20, 10 is the default,
Volume Positive Negative Calculation (VPN)
VPN = (VP - VN) / MAV / Period * 100
VP - sum of positive volume
VN - sum of negative volume
MAV - moving average of volume
Volume is considered positive when the average price is higher than the previous day's price by more than .1 of the ATR (average true range).
Trend ResumptionWe again keep it really simple.
This indicator just plots the combination of RGRR and GRGG candlesticks. (R = Red / Bearish, G = Green / Bullish)
When either pattern occurs, trade the combined high and combined low of recent 2 RR or recent 2 GG candles. I.e.,
Buy above GG's high with SL at GG's low.
Sell below RR's low with SL at RR's high.
Refer the shared chart for example. The signals were plotted on both the sides, and wherever triggered - gave rewards.
Only 1 at 05-Apr, 10:50 a.m. did not trigger, but that must then be ignored. Do not hurry to enter the trade, wait for breakout / breakdown above combined high / low.
Trend Surfers - Premium Breakout + AlertsTrend Surfers - Premium Breakout Strategy with Alerts
I am happy today to release the first free Trend Surfers complete Breakout Strategy!
The strategy includes:
Entry for Long and Short
Stoploss
Position Size
Exit Signal
Risk Management Feature
How the strategy works
This is a Trend Following strategy. The strategy will have drawdowns, but they will be way smaller than what you would go through with buy and old.
As a Trend Following strategy, we will buy on strength, when a breakout occurs. And sell on weakness.
The strategy includes a FIX Stoploss determined by an ATR multiple and a trailing Stoploss/Takeprofit also determined by an ATR multiple.
You can also manage your risk by entering the maximum % you are willing to risk on every trade. Additionally, there is an option to enter how many pairs you will be trading with the strategy. This will change your position size in order to make sure that you have enough funds to trade all your favorite pairs.
Use the strategy with alerts
This strategy is alert-ready. All you have to do is:
Go on a pair you would like to trade
Create an alert
Select the strategy as a Trigger
Wait for new orders to be sent to you
Every Entry (Long/Short) will include:
Market Entry (Enter position NOW!)
Stoploss price
Position Size
Leverage
* If you do not wish to use leverage, you can multiply the Position Size by the Leverage. But doing that, you might end up with a position greater than your equity. Trading on Futures is better in order to have accurate risk management.
Exit signals:
When you receive an exit signal, you need to close the position ASAP. If you want to keep your results as close as possible to the backtest results, you need to execute quickly and follow what the strategy is telling you.
Do not try to outsmart the strategy
Leave your emotion out of trading! If you trust the strategy, you will have way better returns than if you try to outsmart it. Follow each signal you receive even if it doesn't seem logical at the moment.
Become a machine that executes. Don't look at fundamentals. Follow the trend! Trust the strategy!
I hope you enjoy it!
Pips Breakout CandlePips Breakout Candle measures price changes in pips. This indicator can be used to identify major price moves! The indicator comes with a sentiment line which is the sum of the Up versus Down price changes. It gives a good understanding of the current trend and identifies divergences.
Set alerts for major price moves!
Identify the trend!
Identify divergence!
Anti-Breakout StrategyAnti-Breakout Strategy
Description:
This is a contrarian entry strategy for trading false breakouts. The high/low of the breakout bar is used for the entry in the opposite direction.
To reduce repainting set ptype variable to OHL3.
Robust Channel [tbiktag]Introducing the Robust Channel indicator.
This indicator is based on a remarkable property of robust statistics , namely, the resistance to the presence of data points that deviate significantly from the established trend (generally speaking, outliers ). Being outlier-resistant, the Robust Channel indicator “remembers” a pre-existing trend and thus exhibits a very peculiar "lag" in case of a sharp price change. This allows high-confidence identification of such price actions as a trend reversal, range break, pullback, etc.
In the case of trending and range-bound market conditions, the price remains within the channel most of the time, fluctuating around the central line.
Technical details
The central line is calculated using the repeated median slope algorithm. For each data point in a lookback window of a user-specified Length , this method calculates the median slope of the lines that connect that point to all other points inside the window. The overall median of these median slopes is then calculated and used as an estimate of the trend slope. The algorithm is very efficient as it uses an on-the-fly procedure to update the array containing the slopes (new data pushed - old data removed).
The outer line is then calculated as the central line plus the Length -period standard deviation of the price data multiplied by a user-defined Channel Width Factor . The inner line is defined analogously below the central line.
Usage
As a stand-alone indicator, the Robust Channel can be applied similarly to the Bollinger Bands and the Keltner Channel:
A close above the outer line can be interpreted as a bullish signal and a close below the inner line as a bearish signal.
Likewise, a return to the channel from below after a break may serve as a bullish signal, while a return from above may indicate bearish sentiment.
Robust Channel can be also used to confirm chart patterns such as double tops and double bottoms.
If you like this indicator, feel free to leave your feedback in the comments below!
Box Range AlertSimple Script for getting alerts on the crossing of Upper & Lower levels either way.
Good for Free users as they can only use 1 alert at a time. So this indicator will be useful to get alerts on both Breakout Or Breakdowns.
Just add input Price manually and set alerts.
Combo Breaker DetectionA method I'm playing with to detect liquidity grabs and breaks from consolidation.
NSDT Pre-Market Breakout LevelsA simple way to identify potential breakouts at the New York market open. This indicator plots the high and low of the New York Pre-Market, providing a great visual of a potential breakout levels.
Stdev Breakout StrategyStdev Breakout Strategy
Description:
This script generates a long entry signal when the Standard Deviation crosses over the Simple Moving Average and the Close is greater than the Open, and/or generates a short entry signal when the Standard Deviation crosses under the Simple Moving Average and the Close is less than the Open.
Repeated Median Regression ChannelThis script uses the Repeated Median (RM) estimator to construct a linear regression channel and thus offers an alternative to the available codes based on ordinary least squares.
The RM estimator is a robust linear regression algorithm. It was proposed by Siegel in 1982 (1) and has since found many applications in science and engineering for linear trend estimation and data filtering.
The key difference between RM and ordinary least squares methods is that the slope of the RM line is significantly less affected by data points that deviate strongly from the established trend. In statistics, these points are usually called outliers, while in the context of price data, they are associated with gaps, reversals, breaks from the trading range. Thus, robustness to outlier means that the nascent deviation from a predetermined trend will be more clearly seen in the RM regression compared to the least-squares estimate. For the same reason, the RM model is expected to better depict gaps and trend changes (2).
Input Description
Length : Determines the length of the regression line.
Channel Multiplier : Determines the channel width in units of root-mean-square deviation.
Show Channel : If switched off , only the (central) regression line is displayed.
Show Historical Broken Channel : If switched on , the channels that were broken in the past are displayed. Note that a certain historical broken channel is shown only when at least Length / 2 bars have passed since the last historical broken channel.
Print Slope : Displays the value of the current RM slope on the graph.
Method
Calculation of the RM regression line is done as follows (1,3):
For each sample point ( t (i), y (i)) with i = 1.. Length , the algorithm calculates the median of all the slopes of the lines connecting this point to the other Length -1 points.
The regression slope is defined as the median of the set of these median slopes.
The regression intercept is defined as the median of the set { y (i) – m * t (i)}.
Computational Time
The present implementation utilizes a brute-force algorithm for computing the RM-slope that takes O ( Length ^2) time. Therefore, the calculation of the historical broken channels might take a relatively long time (depending on the Length parameter). However, when the Show Historical Broken Channel option is off, only the real-time RM channel is calculated, and this is done quite fast.
References
1. A. F. Siegel (1982), Robust regression using repeated medians, Biometrika, 69 , 242–244.
2. P. L. Davies, R. Fried, and U. Gather (2004), Robust signal extraction for on-line monitoring data, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 122 , 65-78.
3. en.wikipedia.org
Double DojiStrategy Kiss = 'Keep It Simple, Stupid' or 'Keep It Simple, Smart'
The script simply identifies 2 consecutive Doji candles, and calculates Target on both the sides for given Reward : Risk factor.
The High-Low to Open-Close ratio is set to default value 20. The Reward : Risk ratio is of default value 2.
Both can be set to values of your choice.
Accuracy best on Daily chart. Can be tried on any timeframe though.
Trading Rules: Buy at higher / Short at lower of the 2 candles, with other as Stop Loss.
If a Stop Loss is hit, go for reverse trade. If again a SL is hit, switch to other instrument.
Important: If trading in Futures and target is achieved, hedge the position by buying an option (subject to liquidity).
Reason is, the trend may condition to any extent and you would definitely not want to miss out the whole action.
Check the shared example. For a risk to 175 points, reward is 2200+ points (more than 12.5 times).
Moving Regression Band Breakout strategyFollowing the introduction of the Moving Regression Prediction Bands indicator (see link below), I'd like to propose how to utilize it in a simple band breakout strategy :
Go long after the candle closes above the upper band . The lower band (alternatively, the lower band minus the 14-period ATR or the central line ) will serve as a support line .
Exit as soon as the candle closes below the support line .
To manage the risk of false breakouts, a fixed stop loss is set to the value of the support line at the time of opening a position. When the support line moves above the position opening price, shift the stop loss to breakeven.
The same logic but in reverse applies to short positions.
As an option, it is possible to allow long entries only when the slope of the Moving Regression curve is positive (and short entries when the slope is negative).
Model parameters:
Length and Polynomial Order define the lag and smoothness of the model.
Multiplier specifies the width of the channel.
As the default model parameter values, I set those that I found to provide optimal risk / reward ratio on the daily timeframe (for both trending and range-bound market). However, the settings are very flexible and can be well-adjusted to particular market conditions. Feel free to play around and leave feedback in the comments!
Here's the original Moving Regression Prediction Bands script:
Multi Time Frame Candles with Volume Info / 3DHello Traders,
This is my second Multi Time Frame Candles script but with this new one, you will have some new features such volume info, remaining time to close of higher time frame candle and also developed using new features of Pine such array of lines. also I tried to make it 3D for better visualization ;) also it shows new highs/lows / breakouts.
I tried to make many things optional, so you can change almost everything using options.
What you can change using options:
- Higher time frame
- Number of Candles
- Candle Colors Up/Down
- Wick Color
- Volume colors Up/Down
- Text color of Remaining Time
- Shadow Color
- Background color
- Start bar of the candles (so you can see many higher times frame candles in same window)
- 3D effect, by default it's enables but you can disable 3D view
Lets see some examples:
Remaining time:
Breakouts:
You can combine different higher time frames:
if you don't want 3D view then combining different higher time frames:
You can change background color:
Enjoy!
Vortex Range Breakout SystemThis is a Vortex Based Visual System,
Which can help you identify the Vortex Crosses based Range Breakouts/ Breakdown, over the price Scale,
How its made ?
The vortex Crosses are projected over the Price
on Same Time frame {Green and Red Filled area}
-> green Area means : Vortex Crossover Range
-> red Area means : Vortex Crossunder Range
and on Higher Timeframe
Vortex Cross Levels are Plotted, which you see as :
Blue and Orange Lines
Default Configs
Vortex Period is 14
Higher Timeframe Option is set to 60 mins
You can change the Higher timeframe to any minutes which suits your need
Also If you want to change the Higher Timeframe in Days
just know
1D = 24*60 min, = 1140mins
Enjoy!
LAGging span leaves Bollinger Bands strategyAbstract
This script points out the positions a lagging span leaves a Bollinger Band.
This script does not plot a lagging span but moves the Bollinger Band forward.
You can find profit opportunities by combining this script and risk management.
Introduction
Bollinger Bands is a popular indicator.
It contains a moving average, an upper band and a lower band.
The moving average can indicate trend, the upper band and the lower band can indicate if the price is far away from the moving average.
However, in trading markets, anything can happen.
Both continuation and reversal are possible when the price touches the moving average, the upper band or the lower band.
Therefore, many traders adjust the parameters of the Bollinder Band or add other indicators to improve their trading strategies.
@Daveatt et. al. provided an idea that uses a lagging span.
A lagging span is a line chart. It displays the reference price but in earlier time.
For example, if the offset of a lagging span is 26 days, the value of the lagging span on 29 days ago is the reference price 3 days ago.
A lagging span is a part of Ichimoku Cloud.
It can compare the price to the earlier price and the values of indicators in the past.
To compare the price to the values of indicators in the past, we can also shift indicators forward instead of adding a lagging span into the chart.
This script uses shift-the-indicators-forward method.
In other words, this script plots the Bollinger Band forward so that the price can be compared to the values of the Bollinger Band in the past.
Computing and Adjusting
(1) Compute Moving Average
(2) Compute Standard Derivation
(3) Upper Band = Moving Average + Standard Derivation * Multi
(4) Lower Band = Moving Average - Standard Derivation * Multi
(5) Shift the Bollinger Band forward according to the offset parameter.
(6) Mark the points the price leaves the shifted Bollinger Band
(7) Compute the most possible loss and profit before the next opposite signal.
Parameters
source : the data for computing the bollinger band. can be open, high, low, close or their combination.
length : how many days are calculated by the bollinger band
mult : the distance from the moving average to the upper band and the distance from the moving average to the upper band is equal to ( mult * standard derivation ) .
x_offset : the offset of the lagging span
Conclusion
This script can find signals for potential breakout or trend continuation.
If you want to use this signal well, you need to know when to cut loss and protect the profit.
Reference
@Daveatt , Bollinger bands/Lagging span cross , BGyrPgOA , Tradingview 2019
How to trade with Bollinger Bands
How to use Ichimoku Cloud
How to trade with a line chart
True Range Breakout [racer8]TRB (True Range Breakout) plots the current TR (true range) as well as the previous TR high over n periods. If the current TR is greater than the previous TR high, then the TR histogram will become red. Red signals high volatility. Enter trades only when the histogram is above the TR high line. Happy trading! 🥳
Price Action - Support & Resistance by DGTSᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ , is undoubtedly one of the key concepts of technical analysis
█ Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ Dᴇꜰɪɴɪᴛɪᴏɴ
Support and Resistance terms are used by traders to refer to price levels on charts that tend to act as barriers, preventing the price of an financial instrument from getting pushed in a certain direction.
A support level is a price level where buyers are more aggressive than sellers. This means that the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level it is likely to continue falling until meeting another support level.
A resistance level is the opposite of a support level. It is where the price tends to find resistance as it rises. Again, this means that the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level it is likely to continue rising until meeting another resistance level.
A previous support level will sometimes become a resistance level when the price attempts to move back up, and conversely, a resistance level will become a support level as the price temporarily falls back.
█ Iᴅᴇɴᴛɪꜰʏɪɴɢ Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ
Support and resistance can come in various forms, and the concept is more difficult to master than it first appears. Identification of key support and resistance levels is an essential ingredient to successful technical analysis.
If the price stalls and reverses in the same price area on minimum of two different occasions, then a horizontal line is drawn to show that the market is struggling to move past that area. Those areas are static barriers, one of the most popular forms of support/resistance and are highlighted with horizontal lines.
Repeated test , the more often a support/resistance level is "tested" over an extended period of time (touched and bounced off by price), the more significance is given to that specific level
High volume , the more buying and selling that has occurred at a particular price level, the stronger the support or resistance level is likely to be
Market psychology , plays a major role as traders and investors remember the past and react to changing conditions to anticipate future market movement.
Psychological levels , is a price level that significantly affects the price of an underlying financial instrument. Typically, near round numbers often serve as support and resistance
The following support and resistance related topics are beyond the scope of this study, so they will be mentioned roughly only as a reference for support and resistance concept
Trendlines , Support and resistance levels in trends are dynamic. Throughout an uptrend, levels of support tend to look like a trendline, usually clustering around higher lows. As the price rises, the price where buyers consider the stock to be “too cheap” also changes, which creates new support levels on the way up. The same is also true for resistance levels. In an uptrend, a stock is continuously breaking through perceived resistance levels and making new highs
Moving Averages , is a constantly changing line that smooths out past price data while also allowing the trader to identify support and resistance. In the example Notice how the price of the asset finds support at the moving average when the trend is up, and how it acts as resistance when the trend is down
The Fibonacci Retracement/Extension tool , is a favorite among many short-term traders because it clearly identifies levels of potential support and resistance
Pivot Point Calculations , is another common technical analysis technique, where pivot point is calculated based on the high, low, and closing prices of previous trading session/day and support & resistance levels are projected based on the pivot point, different calculation techniques are available, as presented in this example of an pivot point indicator : PVTvX by DGT
█ Tʀᴀᴅɪɴɢ Bᴀꜱᴇᴅ ᴏɴ Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴀɴᴅ Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ
Once an area or "zone" of support or resistance has been identified, those price levels can serve as potential entry or exit points because, as a price reaches a point of support or resistance, it will do one of two things—bounce back away from the support or resistance level (trading ranges), or violate the price level and continue in its direction (trading breakouts) —until it hits the next support or resistance level
The basic trading method for using support and resistance is to buy near support in uptrends or the parts of ranges or chart patterns where prices are moving up and to sell/sell short near resistance in downtrends or the parts of ranges and chart patterns where prices are moving down. Buying near support or selling near resistance can pay off, but there is no assurance that the support or resistance will hold. Therefore, consider waiting for some confirmation that the market is still respecting that area
Trading breakouts, a breakout is a potential trading opportunity that occurs when an asset's price moves above a resistance level or moves below a support level on increasing volume. The first step in trading breakouts is to identify current price trend patterns along with support and resistance levels in order to plan possible entry and exit points. Once the asset trades beyond the price barrier, volatility tends to increase and prices usually trend in the breakout's direction. Breakouts are such an important trading strategy since these setups are the starting point for future volatility increases, large price swings and, in many circumstances, major price trends. When trading breakouts, it is important to consider the underlying asset's support and resistance levels. The more times an asset price has touched these areas, the more valid these levels are and the more important they become. At the same time, the longer these support and resistance levels have been in play, the better the outcome when the asset price finally breaks out. Asset prices will often move slightly further than we expect them to. This doesn't happen all the time, but when it does it is called a false breakout. Therefore it is important to consider waiting for some confirmation while trading breakouts. It’s also popular for traders to sell 50% of their positions at the resistance level, and hold the rest in anticipation of a breakout above resistance
█ Pʀɪᴄᴇ Aᴄᴛɪᴏɴ - Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ & Rᴇꜱɪꜱᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ʙʏ DGT Sᴛᴜᴅʏ
This experimental study attempts to identify the support and resistance levels. Assumes a simple logic to discover moments where the price is rising or falling consecutively for minimum 3 bars with the condition volume increases on each bar and the last bar’s volume should be bigger than the long term volume moving average. A line will be drawn at the end of the move (highest or lowest, depending on the move direction), the line will be drawn at minimum on the 3rd bar and if condition holds for other consecutive bars the line will switch to 4th, 5th etc bar.
Lines will not be deleted so the historical ones will remain and will emphasis the levels significance when they overlap in feature. Strong levels are more likely to hold and cause the price to move in the other direction, whereas the minor levels may only cause the price to pause and keep moving in the same direction. Determining future levels of support and resistance can drastically improve the returns of a short-term investing strategy
Bar colors will be painted based on the volume of the specific bar to its long term volume moving average. This will help identifying the support and resistance levels significance and emphasis the sings of breakouts
Finally, Volume spikes will be marked on top of the price chart. A high volume usually indicates more interest in the security and the presence of institutional traders. However, a rapidly rising price in an uptrend accompanied by a huge volume may be a sign of exhaustion. Traders usually look for breaks of support and resistance to enter positions. When security break critical levels without volume , you should consider the breakout suspect and prime for a reversal off the highs/lows. Volume spikes are often the result of news-driven events. Volume spike will often lead to sharp reversals since the moves are unsustainable due to the imbalance of supply and demand
A good example with many support and resistance concepts observed on a stock chart and detected by the study
Settings:
Length of volume moving average, where volume moving average is used to detect support and resistance levels, is used as reference to compare with threshold values for volume spikes and colors of the bars
Hint, to get more historical lines scrolling chart to left will enable visualization of them. Please note they may appear to much all 500 line limit is used 😉
Special thanks to @HEMANT Telegram user, for his observations and suggestions
Disclaimer:
Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitute professional and/or financial advice. You alone have the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
rocketLaunchI wanted to see if I could programmatically identify the conditions I saw just before Bitcoin broke its all-time high end of 2020. The signal picks up several rocket launch moments prior to launching which is quite cool. It also picks up a few false starts, however. In any case, I would have loved to be stopped out on those false starts but been there for all the starts this thing picks up.
It could probably use more confirmatory elements such as trailing conditions and volume perhaps?
BINANCE:BTCUSDTPERP
Consolidation Ranges [kingthies] Consolidation Range Analysis
Published by Eric Thies, January 2021
█ Indicator Summary
This tool calculates, analyzes and plots the visualization of a relative range over a given period of time
By adding to charts, users are enabled to see the impulsive nature of market cycles, along with their efforts to consolidate thereafter
The default period is 30, and should be adjusted to users preference
The default input is the current close price, on the chosen timeframe of the chart
█ Script Source
//
//@version=4
//© kingthies || This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at mozilla.org
study("Consolidation Ranges ", shorttitle="CR ", overlay=true)
// !<------ User Inputs ----->
src = input(close, title='Range Input (Default set to Close'), lengthEMA=input(30,title='Length'),zoneToggle = input(true, title="Toggle Zone Highlights"), iCol = color.new(#FFFFFF, 100),
// !<---- Declarations & Calculations ---- >
trndUp = float(na),trndDwn = float(na), mid = float(na), e = ema(src, lengthEMA)
trndUp := src < nz(trndUp ) and src > trndDwn ? nz(trndUp ) : high, trndDwn := src < nz(trndUp ) and src > trndDwn ? nz(trndDwn ) : low, mid := avg(trndUp, trndDwn)
// !< ---- Plotting ----->
highRange = plot(trndUp == nz(trndUp ) ? trndUp : na, color=color.white, linewidth=2, style=plot.style_linebr, title="Top of Period Range")
lowRange = plot(trndDwn == nz(trndDwn ) ? trndDwn : na, color=color.white, linewidth=2, style=plot.style_linebr, title="Bottom of Period Range")
xzone = plot(zoneToggle ? src > e ? trndDwn : trndUp : na, color=iCol, style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=0, editable=false)
fill(highRange, xzone, color=color.lime,transp=70), fill(xzone, lowRange, color=color.red,transp=70)
//
TrendLine ChannelsAbstract
This script provides a set of Trendline Channels which can be tighter than Donchian Channels.
This script computes the most suitable active upper and lower trendlines and updates them as soon as possible.
We can use it for breakout signals earlier than Donchian Channels.
Introduction
Channels are tools which can mark area of values of ranging markets.
Once the price leaves the original region, range traders may start admitting they are wrong and trigger trend.
Donchian Channels (misheard as Dungeon Channels) use the highest and the lowest price to define area of values.
When the price breakouts, it just like it got released from a dungeon.
However, waiting for the price making even higher or lower may be too late and risk reward ratio may be lower.
Trendlines can make the channels tighter and we can find earlier breakout signals.
Computing Trendline Channels
(1) Find the most active trendlines
In this script, a valid trendline connects two high values or two low values.
A high value means the highest value in a trading day.
A low value means the lowest value in a trading day.
In this script, every trendline does not crossover any bar but can exactly touch them.
The most flat trendline is taken. (one for upper and one for lower)
(2) Continue to use or Change a trendline
If there is a tighter trendline available, this script changes to use it.
If the previous active trendline is broken, this script re-computes the trendline available.
When this case happens, this script display with an another color.
Otherwise, this script continues using the previous trendline.
(3) Middle line
The middle line indicates the middle value between the upper and the lower.
Parameters
Length : how many days are used for computation. The default value is 16 just because 16=4*4, using binary characteristic.
x_go_on : If the previous trendline is not breakout and there are no tighter trendlines available, we continue use it.
Color Options
(1) Upper trendline (no update or tighter)
(2) Upper trendline (changed due to breakout)
(3) Middle line
(4) Lower trendline (no update or tighter)
(5) Lower trendline (changed due to breakout)
Conclusion
Trendline Channels can be tighter than Donchian Channels and evaluate earlier breakout signals.
Comparing to known auto trendline scripts, Trendline Channels is continuous.
Once a trendline is broken, Trendline Channels can instantly point out the next available one.
If you think the price movement is boring or you cannot have good risk reward ratio, you can go to an another timeframe.
Reference
How to trade with Donchian Channels
How to trade with Trendlines
